Determination of total phenolic contents and biological activity of some plants growing in Hakkari

Arum sp. (Kari), Diplotaenia sp. (Siyabo) and Chaerophyllum sp. (Mende) plants that grow wild in Hakkari province are a very important source of treatment besides being a food source for the people for many years. In this study, phased extraction, extract % yields, antioxidant activity of plant extracts, antimicrobial activity and total phenolic content analysis of these plants were carried out using ethanol and acetone solutions, respectively, especially hexane. Analyzes of antimicrobial activity of plant extracts were carried out by agar well diffusion method using 13 different test microorganisms. Two different analytical methods as DPPH and ABTS radical elimination analysis were used to determine antioxidant activities of plant extracts. The total phenolic component contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the results were evaluated as gallic acid equivalent. As a result of the study, it was determined that the highest extract yield was in the extract of Arum sp. in ethanol (10,4011 %) and the lowest yield was in the extract of Diplotaenia sp. in acetone (0,3253 %). Subsequently, plant extracts were found to have high antimicrobial activity against many tested microorganisms. Especially, ethanol extract of Diplotaenia sp. was found to have broad spectrum of activity spectrum and highest antimicrobial activity. As a result of the antioxidant activity analyzes, the ethanol extract of Diplotaenia sp. showed the highest antioxidant activity and the hexane extract of Chaerophyllum sp. had the lowest antioxidant activity. Other plant extracts were found to have good antioxidant activity.It was determined that the highest phenol content was Diplotaenia sp. (55.36±0.035 μg/ml) and the lowest phenol content was Chaerophyllum sp. (3.47±0.001 μg/ml) plant extracts when evaluated in terms of total phenolic contents. As a result of this study, it is thought that the obtained data will shed light on the pharmacological studies about the natural and widely grown three plants, especially Diplotaenia sp. known as Siyabo that has high biological activity. Keywords: Arum sp., Biological activity, Chaerophyllum sp., Diplotaenia sp., Phenolic component analys.