Retrospective analysis of coclear implant patients at The Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders Clinic, Harran university

Objective: The cochlear implant is an electronic device that enables the perception of sounds by converting mechanical sound energy into electrical signals and transferring them directly to the cochlea. The purpose of this study is; etiology of hearing loss of patients who underwent cochlear implant surgery, physical examination findings, audiologic findings, hearing loss detection time, rehabilitation status and CT and MR findings of patients. In addition, to discuss the cochlear implant surgery, the implant model used, and the complications which occur in the disease in the light of the literature. Planning: Retrospective study Center: Harran University, Medical Faculty, ENT Clinic Study Group: The study was conducted by examining the files of 86 patients who had cochlear implants in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, between the years of 2012 and 2016. Method: From the files of the patients; etiology of hearing loss, physical examination findings, audiological findings, hearing loss detection time, parental education status, kinship grade, rehabilitation status, CT and MR findings of patients, cochlear implant surgery type, used implant model and complications were evaluated. Results: 34 (39.5%) of the patients were female and 52 (60.5%) were male. The mean age of our patients was 6.65 (1-64) years. 81 of the patients had the right ear and 5 had the left ear cochlear implant. There were 28 (32.6%) patients who had an anamnesis of hearing loss in their family. There were 53 (61.6%) patients with consanguineous marriages. The average time to detect hearing loss was 11.8 months. When the etiologic causes of those with no hearing loss in their family were examined, 17 (19.9%) patients had environmental reasons. We had no syndromic patients. Twenty-eight nonsyndromic patients were considered to be genetic because of a family history of hearing loss. Forty-one patients were diagnosed as idiopathic without any etiology. Four of our patients had cochlear anomalies. Two of them were Mondini and the other two were cystic cochlea. One patient had partial sclerosis in temporal CT. When the complications that occur in patients were evaluated; 4 patients had intraoperative perilymph leakage, 4 patients had mild vertigo, and 5 patients had postoperative subcutaneous seroma. One patient could not be applied an implant due to intense sclerosis. When examining implant models, Nucleus was found in 59 patients, Med-El in 17 patients and Advanced Bionics in 10 patients. Conclusion: Early detection of children with hearing loss, early auditory rehabilitation of these children, and subsequent cochlear implantation with appropriate disease are very important in the future academic and social life of the person. The role of genetic transmission in childhood sensorineural hearing loss is great, and the most important reason for this is the consanguineous marriages. For this reason, the prevention of consanguineous marriages through education should be the first step in preventing genetic transmission of hearing loss. Key Words: Cochlear implant, etiology, complication.