History of calligraphy and place of Calligrapher Adem Sakal in Turkish calligraphy art and education

Hüsn-i Hat (calligraphy art) was born in the Arabian Peninsula. In early times there is not any artistic characteristic. First examples are written in the Kûfî (Cufic) and ma?kıli style of writing. The most important development in Islam writing was started in 13th century with aklam-ı sitte. It was developed by Turks and was gotten rich with artistic features.Materials that are being used in the Turkish calligraphy art have significiant importance. Calligraphers pay attention to materials they use. They mostly produce their own materials. For example, ?soot ink? is made from soot with too many difficulties. Instead of directly, they paint and cultivate their papers. They also cultivate their reeds by exposing it to sun and natural manure. Furthermore, materials that they used can be considered as artistic work. Items like pencil sharpener, makta (cutting profile), ink holder have their very own special artists. Some places in Istanbul, named by the names of these special groups. They don?t write their names on those artistic items because these artists don?t like to seem haughty. They use nicknames or stamps that they choose.Calligraphers had not been satisfied with few writing styles and developed lots of it. Except from Aklâm-ı Sitte (six types of writing; Sülüs, Nesih, Muhakkak, Reyhânî, Tevki, Rikaa?), Divâni, Celî Divâni, Ta?lik, Nestalik and Tugra writing styles are developed by calligraphers.One of the present day calligraphers, Adem Sakal, is performing his calligraphy art and teaching, with patience and punctiliousness. He is making new designs, writing calligraphy, participating in competitions and exhibitions, and developing himself in calligraphy art consistently.