The relationship between helicobacter pylori and epstein barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas with P73 expression profile and clinicopathological parameters

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world and is ranked third in cancer related deaths. The World Health Organization (WHO) showed Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection as the primary cause of gastric adenocarcinoma. Epidemiological studies and a lot of meta-analysis have detected a strong correlation between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. In studies, gastric carcinomas associated with Epstein Barr virus (EBV) were found to be between 5-10%. P73 tumor suppressor is focused on the candidate is a gene. In this study; In patients with gastric cancer, it was aimed to compare the conditions of p73 gene expression between H. pylori and EBV positive and negative tumor tissues and to investigate the relationship of these changes with clinical and pathological properties of patients. In our study, with gastric cancer 111cases, 110 cases with no cancer were discussed. Cancer cases consisted of total or subtotal gastrectomy materials, and cancer-free cases were composed of sleeve gastrectomy materials with gastric reduction operation. Demographic data of patients and histopathologic data of tumors and tumor staging results were obtained from the hospital registration system and pathology reports. The cases were re-evaluated in the direction of H. pylori through the slides in the archive. In-situ hybridization (ISH) method of p73 as Immunhistochemical (IHK) was performed by selecting the appropriate blocks, and EBER was applied to the EBV. 68.5% of the cases were male and 31.5% were female. The youngest age is 37 years for males and 34 years for females. Tumor localization is the most common distal region with 54.1% and proximal with 45.9%. Tumors were 72.1% diffuse type, 27.9% intestinal type. When tumor stages were examined, it was seen that 15.3% were stage I, 12,6% were stage II, 65.8% were stage III, and 6.3% were stage IV. H. pylori was positive in 36.9% and EBV in 7,2%. When the invasion status was examined, it was seen that 75.7% lymphatic, 56,1% blood vessel, 73.5% perineural and 37.0% plexus invasion were performed. There are 81.9% lymph node overalls. A significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of p73 density. However, the presence of EBV and H.pylori did not differ significantly with p73 concentration. On the other hand, there was a significant difference in p73 density according to the presence of blood vessel invasion, but there was no significant difference with other parameters. There was no significant difference in p73 density according to tumor location. There was no statistically significant difference between genders in terms of age and tumor diameter. The p73 gene is reported to be a candidate tumor suppressor gene in gastric carcinomas. The findings of our study showed that this protein, which is the product of p73 gene, is effective in the development of gastric carcinoma, while it is not detected in normal stomach tissues. Our findings, however, did not adequately demonstrate that the presence of EBV and H.pylori increases p73 release in gastric cancers. Increasing the number of cases and investigating other candidate tumor suppressor genes requires further studies in this field. Keywords: Gastric carcinoma, gastric cancer, Helicobacter pylori, Epstein Barr virus, p73.