Helicobacter pylori ile enfekte hastalarda interlökinlerin genetik polimorfizmleri ile gastrit arasindaki ilişki

Helicobacter pylori, a significant bacterium associated with gastroduodenal illnesses such as gastric cancer, infects roughly half the global population. The virulence of H. pylori, host genetics, and environmental variables all impact disease outcomes. Infected people with cytokine gene polymorphisms, including IL-1β and IL-2, are more likely to develop hypochlorhydria, atrophic gastritis, and stomach cancer. Our study involved 200 symptomatic patients diagnosed endoscopically with gastritis and gastric or duodenal ulcers. Among these patients, H. pylori was detected in 69 specimens (34.5%). We tested PCR-RFLP to analyze IL-1β and IL-2 polymorphisms in the specimens to confirm the genetic factors associated with gastroduodenal disorders. Additionally, we collected 46 blood specimens from individuals without gastrointestinal symptoms to serve as a control group. This comparison of genetic profiles between the patients and the control group aided in identifying H. pylori-related polymorphisms and validating our study findings. We found IL-1β -31 and -511 polymorphisms significantly enhance the incidence of severe H. pylori infections, with odds ratios of (1.703, 95% (CI), P < 0.01) and (3.201, 95% (CI), P < 0.01), respectively, resulting in gastritis and ulcers. In contrast, IL-2+114 exhibited a minor significant correlation (OR = 1.08, 95% (CI), P = 0.06), whereas IL-2−330 had no influence (OR = 1.09, 95% (CI), P = 0.69). Further research into IL-1β and IL-2 gene mutations is essential to reducing H. pylori-related diseases like gastric cancer. Testing for these polymorphisms could identify at-risk individuals, enabling early intervention and treatment to prevent gastric cancer. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, interleukins, polymorphisms, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, Cancer and Gastrointestinal disorders.