Investigation of the possible protective effects of engeletin on L929 mouse fibroblast cells oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of ENG, a natural flavonoid compound, on oxidative stress-induced cellular damage in L929 mouse fibroblast cells. The effects of ENG on antioxidant defense, inflammatory response, and cell viability were evaluated following H₂O₂ exposure. Material and Method: L929 fibroblast cells were cultured and exposed to H₂O₂ to establish an oxidative stress model. Cells were subsequently treated with various dosess of ENG. Intracellular levels of GSH, MDA, and SOD were determined using spectrophotometric assays. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. Cell viability was measured via the MTT assay. Results: In the H₂O₂ group, GSH and SOD levels decreased, while MDA increased significantly. ENG treatment, especially at 20 and 40 µM, reversed these changes. The elevated mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were reduced by ENG; IL-1β significantly decreased at 40 µM. According to MTT results, cell viability was preserved at lower doses, whereas 60 and 80 µM ENG caused significant cytotoxicity. Conclusion: ENG treatment significantly mitigated oxidative damage caused by H₂O₂. Increased levels of GSH and SOD and decreased levels of MDA were observed, indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity. Additionally ENG downregulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, demonstrating anti-inflammatory potential. Cell viability was notably preserved at low and moderate doses of ENG. These findings suggest that engeletin exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects and may serve as a promising agent in managing oxidative stress-induced cellular injury.