Evaluation of optic disc and chorioretinal morphology and microvascular changes in patients undergoing horizontal strabismus surgery

Purpose: Evaluation of Optic Disc and Chorioretinal Morphology and Microvascular Changes in Patients Undergoing Horizontal Strabismus Surgery Materials and Methods: Between February 2024 and September 2024, 88 eyes of 44 patients who were admitted to Harran University Ophthalmology Department and diagnosed with strabismus and scheduled for surgery were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative OCT macula, OCT RNFL, EDI-OCT, OCT-A were performed on the 1st day, 1st week, 1st month and 3rd month. Preoperative parameters were compared with postoperative parameters. Results: There was a significant increase in central macular thickness at postoperative week 1 compared to preoperative period (p=0.018). Nasal parafoveal retinal thickness showed a significant increase at postoperative week 1(P=0,008). Subfoveal choroidal thickness showed a significant decrease at postoperative day 1 (p<0.001). At 1 week and 1 month, a significant increase was observed (p<0.001). OCT-A vessel density examination showed a significant decrease on postoperative day 1 and a significant increase at 1 month and 3 months compared to preoperative values(p=0.008)(p=0.040)(p=0.048). In the superficial vascular complex (SVC) examination, a significant decrease was observed on the 1st postoperative day (p<0.001). In the avascular complex, there was a clinically significant decrease in postoperative day 1 results compared to preoperative results (p<0.001). In the deep capillary plexus (DCP), there was no clinically significant decrease on postoperative day 1 and clinically significant increase at other times (p<0.001) (p<0.001). In the deep vascular complex (DVC) analysis, a clinically significant decrease was observed on the first postoperative day (P=0.028). There was a significant increase in the choriocapillary layer on postoperative day 1 compared to preoperative results (p<0.001). OCT RNFL nasal thickness analysis showed a significant decrease in day 1 and week 1 results compared to preoperative results (p=0.02). Conclusion: After strabismus surgery, transient changes in vascular density and thickness are observed in the posterior pole due to mechanical effects and altered hemodynamics.