Obtaining biodiesel from cell culture of some oil seedplants

In this study it was purposed that in vitro augmentation of some vegetable oil cells which are used as biodiesel raw material and production of biodiesel from this cells. In this context some parts of jojoba [Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider], soya [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and canola (Brassica napus ssp. oleifera L.) seeds used as explant material. Then the study proceeded with endosperm explants of jojoba and soya seeds due to their color and size properties and growing and survival durations of generated calluses. Oil rates of endosperm callus which was obtained in in vitro conditions and seed endosperm were determined through soxhlet extractor. The fatty acid profiles of these oils compared by the help of GC (Gas Chromatography) techniques. According to the low oil percentage rate of soya endosperm callus than seed endosperm, the study focused on jojoba endosperm callus. The fuel properties of jojoba seed endosperm oil and jojoba endosperm callus oil were measured. Then biodiesel were produced through transesterification from the generated oil. Density, setan number, CFPP (cold filter plugging point), lower heating value, kinematic viscosity, flash point and free acid content specifications of the oil extracted from jojoba endosperm callus and the biodiesel obtained from this oil via transesterification were investigated and finally it is observed that they have similar characteristics. Key Words: Biodiesel, plant tissue culture, biotechnology, soybean, jojoba.