Hematological effects of humic acid coated silver nanoparticules (AG-NP) in sazan fish (cyprinus carpio L., 1758)

In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effects of the humic acid coated forms (AgNP + HA) of silver nanoparticles (AgNP), which is one of the nano materials found in large quantities in aquatic environments due to its widespread industrial use, on aquatic organisms. First of all, characterization processes of the nanoparticles used in the study were made. For this purpose, methods such as Zeta size analysis, Atomic force microscopy, Electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used. Later, in aquariums, adapted carp fish (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) in different doses (0,03 ppm AgNP; 0,3 ppm AgNP; 3,0 ppm AgNP; 0,03 ppm AgNP + HA; 0,3 ppm AgNP + HA; 3,0 ppm AgNP + HA) and different durations (4 and 21 days) AgNP and AgNP + HA were applied. The resulting hematological values were compared with each other. As a result of the analysis, statistically significant decreases in lymphocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were found in the groups that were applied only AgNP compared to the control group, depending on the amount of dose, in the acute and subchronic periods (p <0.05). On the other hand, in the application groups (AgNP + HA) made with humic acid, results similar to the control group were observed depending on the dose and treatment times. From the data obtained, it was concluded that the toxic effects of the humic acid coated silver nanoparticles, depending on the doses applied together with the effects of acute and subchronic periods, were later and at lower rates.