Evaluation of synergistic inhibitory activity of antibiotics and juniper berry extract against Staphylococcus aureusisolated from urinary tract infections

This study included collection of One hundred (100) urine samples from patients who had urinary tract infections (UTIs) at Medical City Hospital in Baghdad. The results showed that the samples that gave bacterial growth were thirty nine samples 39/100 (39%). Depending on the morphological cultural, biochemical characteristics as well as using api 20E and VITEK 2 Systems, seven Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 39 samples 7/39 (17.95%). Antibiotic sensitivity test of S. aureus isolates was detected against ten types of different antibiotics. The results demonstrated a definite difference in resistance levofloxacine and ciprofloxacin were the most active antibiotics with 100% and 85.71% respectively, while, all isolates were higher resistant to imipenem and ampicillin with 71.43% and 100%. For oxacillin, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined, The range of antibiotic concentrations is 1024 μg/mL–0.25μg/mL. Out of the seven S. aureus isolates that were examined, five of them had MIC values that varied from 0.25 to 1.0 μg/mL, while, two isolates were found to have an MIC of 32 μg/mL. Antibacterial activity was done for extracts of Juniperus communis plant by using well assay. The results indicated that the highest inhibition zone was 20mm, and compared to all milky sap dilutions, crude milky of J. communis sap plant exhibited greater antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The combination of J. communis plant and antibiotics had a great growth-inhibiting effect on bacteria. The agar well diffusion method's mean inhibition zone diameters (MIZ) of mixture for S. aureus isolates was 20.6 mm, while MIZ of the same isolates were 15.6 mm for antibiotics and 11.3 mm for crude milky sap alone