Design and simulation of geographical routing algorithm between IEEE 802.15.6 based wireless body area networks

The need for remote health monitoring systems is rising especially in pandemic pandemic conditions. Thanks to the wired / wireless electronic devices with the sensor feature to be positioned on or around the human body, it is ensured that individuals' health information is transmitted to remote computers or people instantly. In this way, information about the health of people in quarantine can be collected and used in diagnosis and treatment processes. Data from sensor / actuator nodes are collected and controlled by a coordinator node. This communication protocol is referred to as the IEEE 802.15.6 standard and can be used in the ISM band. Networks known as Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are actually a sub-branch of traditional Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that can be used for early detection of various diseases, real-time patient monitoring of the elderly, etc. WBANs used in the field of health are designed to transmit the collected vital data collected from the individual to the necessary units as soon as possible and with the least delay. In this thesis, IEEE 802.15.6 protocol is used and geographical based routing algorithm is designed for inter-WBAN communications. Geographical routing is a form of routing based on geolocation information. It is mainly recommended for wireless networks and is based on the idea that the source sends a message to the geographic location of the destination rather than using the network address. According to our study, all protocols and algorithms are developed in Riverbed (OPNET) Modeler simulation program. In the study, latency and throughput rates for scenarios with different intensity and priorities were examined and the designed algorithm was compared with the AODV algorithm. The collected data was recorded with Node-RED in the InfluxDB database, with socket programming interfaces, and visualized in the Grafana interface as Internet of Things software. The surveillance system interface designed in Grafana provide an opportunity to simultaneous control of parameters such as wearing a mask, distance to the nearest person, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, body temperature and respiratory rate, which should be kept under control especially in pandemic situations. According to the results, based on the service quality requirements defined by the IEEE / ISO 11073 personal health data standard, it was determined that the geographic routing algorithm designed for WBAN increased the latency times and slightly decreased throughput rate due to increase in user density.