Weed species in maize fields of igdir province and the effects of some herbicides on the weeds and maize yield

The goal of this research was to survey the distribution of weed species in maize (Zea mays L.) production areas of Igdir Province and to determine the effects of different herbicides on maize yield. To determine the effects of some herbicides on the maize yield, a field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Practice Center of Igdir University. The experiment was conducted on 7 treatments with 4 replications and laid out in The Completely Randomized Block Design. The treatments of this experiment were: 330 g/l pendimethalin, 225 g/l isoxaflutole + 90 g/l thiencarbazone methyl + 150 g/l cyprosulfamide, %25 tritosulfuron + %50 dicamba, 452,42 g/l 2,4-D EHE + 6,25 g florasulam, 40 g/l nicosulfuron, weed-free and weedy check. A total of 50 survey sites were visited across Iğdir Center (34) and its districts Karakoyunlu (13), Aralık (2) and Tuzluca (1) according to maize production areas in 2017 during the months of June and July. Surveys resulted with 25 weed species belonging to 11 families in maize fields. According to the weed species included, top 3 largest families were found to be Poaceae (8), Fabaceae (4) and Asteraceae (3). Of all these species, 13 were displayed a frequency of more than 10 percent. The top 5 species determined in terms of frequency were Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. (94%), Portulaca oleracea L. (68%), Xanthium strumarium L. (62%), Amaranthus retroflexus L. (38%), Convolvulus arvensis L. (28%). The yield and its components of maize was evaluated in terms of the number of rows of cobs, the length of the cob, the diameter of the cob, the height of the plant and the thousand grain weight percentage increase was obtained 98%, 31,3%, 38,5%, 19,8%, 66,2% and 64,8%, respectively. According to the yield criteria stated above, while weed free check compared with weedy check plots. The yields in all herbicides treatments were significantly greater than the untreated control.