The life and foundations of Gülbahar Hatun, II. Bayezid's mother

This study investigates the life of Gülbahar Hatun and the waqfs built in her name, the units these waqfs consist of, their service areas, their contribution to the Ottoman socio-economic life, and the regions where they were established and their relationship with the countryside where they ern income. In some of the studies on waqf, the contributions of a certain period or a certain city to the economic situation through a complex established are discussed. Gülbahar Hatun waqfs will also be pursued in this manner, in a period of approximately 300 years from their establishments. The thesis study consists of introduction, four main chapters, conclusion and annexes. In the introduction part, general information about the waqf institution, the sources, purpose and scope of the thesis were given. In the first part of the study, Gülbahar Hatun's life, origin, her involvement in the Ottoman Harem, her personality and waqfs are discussed. It was determined that Gülbahar Hatun was of a concubine origin, that she was politically trying to be influential on her son Bayezid II, and that a great waqf was built by her son in Tokat on behalf of her son, and a tomb waqf was established in Istanbul upon her death. In the second part, the functioning of Gülbahar Hatun waqfs was emphasized. Under the heading of operation, there are topics such as the service areas of the waqfs, the number of employees and the changes in this regard, the addition of new duties and staff. In the third part, subjects such as the economic strength of waqfs, changes in their financial structures over time, the balance of income and expenditure of waqfs, personnel expenses and other expenses of the waqf, and the follow-up of the economic and political processes of the period were investigated. In the last section, the problems encountered in the management of waqfs and the solutions offered to these problems have been tried to be presented. After the conclusion, which includes a general evaluation, the appendix part is added. In the annexes, there are examples of archive materials with their transcripts and images of Gülbahar Hatun Mosque Key Words: Gülbahar Hatun, Waqf, Hatuniye Reconstruction, Fatih Sultan Mehmed, Bayezid II