Phytochemical and biological activity investigation of Scabiosa pseudograminifolia Hub.-Mor. growing in TWO different geographies

In this study, comprehensive phytochemical and biological activity investigation on Caprifoliaceae family endemic species Scabiosa pseudograminifolia Hub.-Mor. growing in two different locations in our country have been carried out. For this purpose, essential oils (SPUY-1, SPUY-2), n-hexane, methanol and water extracts (SPH-1,SPM-1, SPW-1, SPH-2, SPM-2, SPW-2), and fatty acids were obtained from the plant materials. The chemical compositions of SPUY-1, SPUY-2 and fatty acids were investigated by GC-FID/MS technique. Hexadecanoic acid (30.2%) in SPUY-1 and dodecanoic acid (11%) in SPUY-2 were determined as major volatile compounds. In the composition of volatile components obtained from SP-1 leaves with MSD-SPME, (Z)-hexenal (34%) and 6-methyl-1-octanol were detected. With the same technique, alloaromadendrene (24.9%) and naphthalene (9.4%) were detected in the composition of SP-2 leaf volatile components. (Z)-3-hexenal (29.1%) and hexanol (7.7%) were determined in the composition of volatile components obtained from SP-1 flowers by MSD-SPME while naphthalene (14.1%) and 4-vinylpyridine (7.6%) were detected in SP-2 flowers. Nonadecanoic (21.9%) and hexadecanoic (20.8%) acids in SP-1, alloaromadendrene (24.9%) and naphthalene (9.4%) in SP-2 were found as the leaf fatty acids. In a similar way, nonadecanoic (21.6%) and hexadecanoic (18.3%) acids were found as the flower fatty acids in SP-1, hexadecanoic (41.3%) and nonadecanoic (14.3%) acids were found in SP-2. Antioxidant activities evaluated by TEAC, DPPH, β-Carotene bleaching, ORAC tests. The total phenolic and the total flavonoid contents in the extracts were determined spectrophotometrically with the Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 reagents, respectively. The antidiabetic potential of the extracts was evaluated by the effect of inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme.