Trabzon in the period of the second cunstitutional government (1908 - 1918) (educational and cultural life)

In this research, between (1908-1918) the social, political and cultural structure of Trabzon were told. Trabzon is one of the oldest locations in Anatolia. The importance of the city comes from the fact that it is situated in a place which is suitable for military and economical activities. For this reason in every age, Trabzon became a scene to big military combats. The city which had been also forced by the Turks since 14th century was taken under Turkish management in 1461 by Fatih Sultan Mehmet. Since the beginning of the fifteenth century, the view of the region had begun to change via the Turk domination in the Black Sea. It has been the first time in the history of the North Anatolian coasts to have it as homeland. However, the change that accured on the World Trade Roads has affected Trabzon, which is the most vivid trade center, negatively, either. The authority in Trabzon had a critical period by the time the ottoman Empire had entered the dissolution period in nineteenth century. The superier rank bureaucracy made an effart to leave the city at once. In the early of the twentieth century Trabzon, which has no the previous importance additianally, is among the considerable provinces of the ottoman Empire in the view of social, economical and cultural. During the second cunstitutional government period, Trabzon sent seven parliamenters to the Meclis-i Mebusan. In those days, Trablusgarp and twelve islands were occupied by Italians and Balkan crisis occured. When the government declared mobilization and asked for help and volunteers, Trabzon behaved extra rely devoted. Then the First World War years arose more painful years for Trabzon. Trabzon which was under captivity for about two years turned to wins, people become face to face with poverty destitution and illness. This work is about to put forward Trabzon's people social, economical, political and cultural lives at those times.