The role of biomarkers used in second trimester biochemical screening tests in predicting perinatal and neonatal outcomes

AIM: The aim of this thesis is to determine the role of biomarkers (hCG, AFP, uE3, İNHA) used in second trimester biochemical screening tests in predicting perinatal and neonatal outcomes. It is a retrospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, the results of 1034 pregnant women who had second trimester, triple and quadruple screening tests at Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between January 2019 and January 2020 and met the inclusion criteria of the study were analyzed. Adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in these pregnant women are gestational diabetes (GDM), gestational hypertension (GHT), preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, fetal growth Restriction (FGR), preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), placental abruption, small for gestational age (SGA), intrauterine fetal loss was defined as low Apgar score at 1st and 5th minutes. RESULTS: Biochemical screening test results of 1034 pregnant women included in the study were analyzed. A significant correlation was found between the MoM value of AFP ≥1.14 and intrauterine fetal loss (p=0.033). There was also a significant correlation between high AFP MoM values and GHT, low Apgar scores at 1st and 5th minutes and SGA (respectively p=0.031, p=0.002, p=0.029, p=0.001). A significant correlation was found between high MoM values of hCG and the risk of developing GHT (p=0.021). A significant correlation was found between İNHA with MoM≥1.23 and GHT, MoM ≥ 1.25 and GDM, MoM ≥ 1.19 and FGR, MoM ≥ 1.5 and PROM, MoM ≥ 1.26 and preterm labor (respectively p=0.006, p=0.049, p=0.001, p=0.016, p=0.000). A significant correlation was also found between İNHA with MoM > 1.38 and low Apgar scores at the 1st minutes, MoM > 1.82 and SGA (p=0.045, p=0.001). No significant correlation was found between uE3 MoM value and negative perinatal and neonatal outcomes. CONCLUSION: In our study, it was observed that there was a significant relationship between the changes in AFP, uE3, hCG and İNHA levels and negative perinatal outcomes. Keywords: AFP, BhCG, İNHA, perinatal outcome, second trimester screening tests, uE3