Researches on stand structures in Forest Sub-District Directorate of Ilgaz

It is necessary to act with the ecological conditions in all of the intervention and operation to be made in the forest during the period from the establishment of the forest to its regeneration. The main goal in the cultivation and manage of forests is to exploit the highest amount, quality and in a versatile from forest products, as long as the existing habitat conditions allow, without disturbing the balance and continuity of this ecosystem. Silvicultural studies differ from to stands. Each stand has an structure with certain characteristics, and even if this structure is not completely homogeneous in itself, it shows significant differences from the structure of another stand with its main characteristics. Therefore, silvicultural processes that can be applied for that stand are recommended after primarily the structure of the stand revealed in silviculture. For this purpose, stand structure in Ilgaz Forest Sub-district Directorate and their various silvicultural properties were determined. The age, diameter, height, amount of branches and cover percentages of the trees were measured in the determined sample areas. Within the scope of the study, 11 sample areas were studied and 6 different stand structures were determined. Black pine is the most commonly found species to the mixed stands. Then Black pine specie was followed by Scots pine, Fir, respectively. The highest number of tree species hectare is in the Fir stand structure. The thickest diameters were determined in Black pine stand structure. On the basis of volume, Black pine + Scots pine stand structure have the highest volume. The trunks of trees in fir stands are straight and unbranched. There exist defects on the trunks of some old trees in the Black pine stand structure. According to the data obtained, it has been understood that silvicultural interventions should be done separately for each stand and in suitable with nature.