Comparative clinical and functional results of arthroscopic bankart repair in initial dislocation and recurrent shoulder dislocations

Objective: The aim of our study is to provide a source for the literature by comparing the clinical and functional results of arthroscopic bankart repair performed in patients who had their first shoulder dislocation due to anterior glenohumeral instability and those who had recurrent shoulder dislocations. Materials and Methods: Patients between the ages of 18-55 who applied to Düzce University Faculty of Medicine Orthopedics and Traumatology clinic between November 2016 and December 2021 and underwent arthroscopic bankart repair due to isolated anterior shoulder instability were included in the study. In our study, which consisted of 42 patients in total, the patients were divided into 2 groups as those with first-time dislocation and those with recurrent dislocations. The first dislocations (Group 1) consisted of 20 patients, and the recurrent dislocations (Group 2) consisted of 22 patients. The patients were evaluated clinically and functionally retrospectively. The surgical details of the patients were recorded. The patients were included in the rehabilitation program for 6 months. Subjective pain status, time to return to sports activity and work were recorded at the postoperative 3, 6 and 12th month examinations. In the physical examination, range of motion and apprehension test were performed. The recurrence rate was recorded. Clinical and functional scores of the patients; were evaluated with VAS, Q-DASH, ASES and ISIS at preop, postoperative 3, 6 and 12th months. Results: The mean ASES and Q-DASH in group 1 were preoperative (39.60±18.97), (48.20±21.85), 3rd month (68.85±23.73), (22.25±23, 75) at 6 months (76.50±23.51), (12.65±19.51), at 12 months (82.05±20.09), (7.75±15.99). The mean ASES and Q-DASH in group 2 were preoperative (51.73±16.24), (35.05±20.5), at 3 months (64.36±17.51), (28.73±23), respectively. 29) at 6 months (83.55±15.32), (11.95±18.38), at 12 months (89.27±18.07), (6.32±8.96). When the results between the recurrent group and the first dislocation were evaluated, the preoperative ASES values ​​were found to be higher in the recurrent group, and no significant difference was found between the preoperative Q-DASH and VAS values. There was no difference between VAS, Q-DASH and ASES values ​​at 3, 6 and 12 months. Conclusions: In patients with anterior shoulder instability, successful results are obtained with arthroscopic bankart repair in the appropriate indication, regardless of the number of dislocations. KEY WORDS, Shoulder dislocation, bankart, first dislocation, recurrent, arthroscopic repair