Political and intellectual structuring after Egypt's occupation by Great Britain (1882-1928)

Egypt incidence was one of the main problems of Ottoman Empire in 19th century, during which it faced a number of problems on international arena. Egypt played the host to intellectual discussions in matters like the future of "Great Country", caliphate, reforms in the period of time when Cavallan Mehmet Ali Pasha became the Governor of Egypt, while Egypt was granted with the status of concessionary state, along with the incidence of Egypt. French occupation between 1798 – 1801, and British occupation starting in 1882, which lasted for decades, left deep scars in the country. There are impactful effects of the occupation on Egypt which started in the year 1882 and ended with the Ottoman Empireclearing out Egypt. While some of these effects being related to the British, some of them are related to the unsettling sovereignty of Ottoman Empire.Structuring the new state in Anatolian territories as a nation-state within the framework of the general tendency of the era, while increasing the influence of nationalism and abolition of caliphate had a broad repercussion in Egypt, where the developments in the capital city had been followed closely within the last century. First the secular-nationalism movements like Wafd, then the Islamic-tendency movements like "Muslim Brotherhood Movement" were witnessed to have gained a momentum in Egypt, governed under monarchy regime between 1922– 1952 after the Revolt of 1919 against British occupation by large masses of public. A number of secularistic-cultural developments were seen in Egypt during the years when Ottoman Government abdicated. Among the most significant ones of these developments are the linguistic reform requests and pharaohism, as a manifestation of the admiration for ancient period. In this study, consisting of an introduction and four parts, it is focused on the political and intellectual works happening after the Ottoman Empirewhich have an impact on the era after the process of officially clearing out of Egypt.Focusing on the period of the start of Great Britain's occupation in Egypt in 1882 to early periods of 'Liberal Era' which started in 1922 in this study, the period's events with developments within the scope of nationalism and religion are grounded in light from the data that are gathered from domestic and foreign sources.