A comparative analysis of British colonialism on Egypt and the Sudan

Colonialism was one of the most important phenomenons of the 19th century. The Notion colonialism referred to the struggle among the Great Powers for raw materials and markets for their products. Colonialism which had an economic content in the first half of the century, was called Free Trade Imperialism. After 1880?s colonialism had a structural transformation and a new era, that was called New Imperialism, started. This was the beginning of the process that would end in 1914 with the outbreak of the First World War. Both politically and economically, Britain was the strongest representative of colonialism in the 19th century. British had lots of dominions in the wide area from Africa to inner Asia. One of the most important centers of British Empire was Egypt after 1880?s. Owing to its strategic location, Egypt played an important role as a security point on the way of India. British invasion of Sudan in 1898 reinforced the situation of Egypt politically and strategically. Via this, Britain had a chance to widen its spheres of interest to inner Africa and the Middle East. In this study, the historical backgrounds, institutionalisation and characteristics of the British colonial rules both in Egypt and the Sudan have been evaluated. The aim of this study is to put forward the comparison of the nature and the features of the British colonial rules in Egypt and the Sudan. Keywords: Colonialism, 19th Century, Britain, Egypt, Sudan