Inheritance of awn traits in bread wheat

This research was carried out in the greenhouse of Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops in 2018-2019. This study aimed to investigate inheritance of awns and nine other agronomical features of three F2 combinatıons derived from crosses made among four parent lines (Gönen, Massagio, Line 31 and Ziyabey). The crosses between parents were carried out in late March to early April of 2018 at the experimental field of Ege University, Department of Field Crops. The crosses were made in this way Line 31 X Gönen, Gönen X Massagio, Gönen X Ziyabey and Ziyabey X Gönen. In October 2018 the F1 seeds were sown in the greenhouse into the pots along with their four parents in a completely randomized design. In maturity most of the F1 plants were left to self-pollinate to F2, however a few numbers of the plants were backcrossed to their parents, the backcrosses were carried out in this way (Gönen X Massagio) X Gönen, (Line 31 X Gönen) X Gönen, (Ziyabey X Gönen) X Gönen and (Ziyabey X Gönen) X Ziyabey. In February 2019 the F2 seeds along with the backcrosses were again sown on the greenhouse into the pots in a completely randomized design. Plant height, peduncle length, flag leaf length and width were measured before harvesting, while awn type, flag leaf area (calculated from the flag leaf length and width), spike length, spikelet number, spike weight, grain number, grain weight, and spike index were measured after harvesting. In the awn trait, the awnlessness trait were observed to be dominant over the awnedness. In plant height, spike length, spikelet number, spike weight and grain number Line 31 X Gönen had the highest values. In peduncle length and flag leaf area Ziyabey X Gönen combination had the highest value. In spike index Gönen X Massagio had the highest value. Finally, in grain weight, Ziyabey X Gönen and Line 31 X Gönen had the same values which were the highest value observed on the combinations.