İnönü governments and internal and external incidents during his term

The purpose of this thesis is to set forth the minor or major similarities or differences between the practices of İsmet İnönü who chaired ten different governments throughout the Republican History, within the context of the Constitution of 1924 and during the time of the governments it founded in the single-party period and within the context of the Constitution of 1961 and the during the time of the governments it founded in the multi-party period, and examine the adaptation process of the İnonü governments to this transition period and the conjuncture change, within the framework of historical reality and the consciousness of historiography.The thesis is composed of three parts: In the Part I, the foundation processes of the three different coalition governments which were founded after the 27 May 1960 Revolution and presided by İsmet İnönü have been discussed in terms of their historical, political and sociological dimensions. In the Part II, internal political, socio-cultural and economic developments which took placed during the İnönü Governments, namely, between the years 1961-1965, have been discussed in a chronological order with no details being omitted regarding the enlightenment of the period. In the Part III, external political developments which occurred during the İnönü Governments, namely, between the years 1961-1965 have been detailed in a chronological format. However, while this examination is being made, as in Part II, they have not been taken as external political, social and economic developments and only the political developments concerning Turkey and which Turkey itself became engaged in have been detailed.Theoretical infrastructure of the thesis was established within the context of the emergence of many internal and external political, socio-cultural and economic developments observed during the periods of single-party and multi-party political systems and foundation types of the İnönü governments and their practices and the evaluation of the copyright-examination and research works with the primary and secondary sources which may enlighten the both periods were adopted.The governments which had been founded by İsmet İnönü were examined separately in general and sorted as single-party or multi-party period. The studies conducted were generally in this direction and they have a repetitive characteristic. Since the content of this study was designed to cover the both periods, the study was written with a style and genre different than the other studies. It is considered that it will be a beneficial, desirable and useful study.It is possible to come to several conclusions at the end of the study. However the most important conclusion is that İsmet İnönü Governments suffered a little or did not suffer at all in the adaptation processes whether in the single-party or multi-party or statist or liberal or democrat or autocrat periods and that they recovered from the transition periods in a successful manner, either establishing a balance according to the conditions of the periods or sometimes following a dominant actor policy.It is a known but an ignored fact that İsmet İnönü who is compared to the leaders who apply the fascist, tyrannical and dictatorial practices in administrative terms and is himself accused of being a dictator, like the all of the other leaders, only tried to adapt to the global conjuncture and showed with his political practices that a policy independent from the world cannot be followed. In this framework, İsmet İnönü?s being called as National Chief after the World War I and his starting some works to pass to the multi-party democracy after the World War II show how much importance he attached to the global conjuncture and status quo and revealed that we cannot be independent from these realities.