Molecular identification of Hepatitis B virus genotypes in blood donors in Nasiria, Iraq

The hepatitis B virus is one of the common serious and widespread health problems, affecting more than two billion people worldwide. Although highly effective hepatitis B virus vaccines have been available since 1982, there are still more than 350 million chronic carriers, 75% of whom reside in the Asia-Pacific region. People with hepatitis B are at increased risk of liver decompensation, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The worldwide mortality rate is estimated at 0-5 to 1,2 million deaths per year. The current study involved a tow hundred individuals donated blood at Thi-Qar Blood Bank for the period from February to october 2022, the blood sample collected were divided in to two parts, one part for estimate liver function parameters and immune marker, and the other part used for molecular detection Hepatitis B virus. The current study recorded 38 (19%) of blood donor infected with Hepatitis B of which 30 (78.95%) male and 8 (21.05%) female, the results also involved virus genotyping and showed 47.36% mix A and mix C genotyping and 5.26% mix B genotyping. With regard liver function enzyme and amin transmitter (ALT, AST ALP and GGT), the study noted by independent sample t test a significant increase of concentration in patients than control group at p. value < 0.05. According to sex the ALP and AST were increased significantly in male patients compared with female patients, while ALT and GGT increased in female patients than male patients, also noted the age has not effect on concentration of liver function enzyme and amin transmitter. With regard CRP, total serum bilirubin, direct TSB and indirect TSB, the present study showed by independent sample t test a significant increase of concentration in patients than control group at p. value < 0.05. according to sex the study investigated the CRP increased significantly in male patients than female patients, while the total serum bilirubin and their differentiation has not significant difference according to sex. Also, the study showed by one way ANOVA, a non-significant difference according to age groups.