Fatwa in Islamic Law

Fatwa is explain a provision about question and consider state ofenvironmental conditions of questioner in explanation. When the ProphetMuhammad come up against a provision requiring a religious explanation witha question, had wait revelations or would answer himself. The scribecompanions answer with the provisions as the first contained in the Qur'an andSunna. If there is not an explicit provision in these two sources, they adjudicateaccording to the principles they learned from the Prophet Muhammad. In otherwords, they would answer with their own opinion and solutions according topurpose of the Legislator.During period of the first two caliphs, companions did not go outside ofMecca and Medina unless necessity and did not go to conquest places.Companions scattered in different cities in the period of Caliph Osman andwent searching for solutions to the problems of people in their places.Subsequent course of the generation who grew up in companionsscholars were divided into two called Ahl-i Hadith and the Ahl-i Re'y. Ahl-iRe'y members those who have resolved problems based on the Qur'an andSunna. Ahl-i Hadith, the necessity would not report unless the opinion based onthe opinion (the Re'y). Giving a fatwa job does not carry an official nature,experts who have the authority to give fatwa, would give fatwa.Giving a fatwa mission which is needed from the first periods has beeninstitutionalized in parallel with İslamic culture and civilization. With in thelength of time conditions and qualifications which have to need for giving afatwa have been determined. In addition, citizens in order to resolve thereligious problems in source books have been written.