Coastal management in İstanbul and strategic planning of Silivri coastal area

Vulnerable coastal areas all over the world experience population growth, expansion ofindustry and tourism, and extensive exploitation of marine resources. In addition, the risk ofnatural hazards increases due to the global climate change. As a result, conflicts of interestoccur more frequently and the sustainable use of natural and environmental resources isthreatened.To help resolve these conflicts ICZM has developed; Integrated Coastal Zone Management(ICZM) is a continuous process with the general aim of implementing sustainabledevelopment in coastal zones and maintaining their diversity. It implements decisions on themix of uses that best serves the needs of society now and in the future. ICZM is advantageousboth from an environmental - reduce or avoid irreversible environmental damage - andeconomic perspective - financial benefits in the longer term.To facilitate ICZM, two key issues are identified; 1) Formal Arrangements; institutionalarrangements - an administrative structure which ensures horizontal and vertical integration ofmanagement; legal arrangements - laws, conventions, decrees and standards to makemanagement possible; financial arrangements - money to pay the expenditures during theprocess. 2) Information Provision; methods, tools and techniques to provide the managers thenecessary information to base decisions on.Four phases make up an ICZM program; Problem Recognition (Research Assessment),Planning (among which Data Collection, Policy Development and Decision Making),Implementation (among which Plan Execution, Operation and Maintenance and Monitoring)and Evaluation (Assessment and Outlook). These stages make up a cyclic and iterative path,rather than a linear procedure.xvi