The decrees taken againts the Jews in the Lateran Council IV and its reflections

In the history of religions, the way in which members of different religions are treated has been an important subject of the debate in the history of culture and civilization. In this context, for example, in the history of Jewish-Christian relations, there are many examples in both the theological and Christian political history of how Jews were marginalized by Christians. The issue of how Jews were subjected to oppression, persecution, torture, and massacres by Christians has been one of the important issues in Judeo-Christian history, in many examples from the Jewish image in the works of the church fathers to the decisions taken in councils regarding the Jews. In this context, in this thesis, it is accepted that the decisions taken about the Jews, especially in the Lateran Council IV, had an impact on the later stages of European history and even the developments in the modern era. This council, which has an important place in the understanding of Christian-Jewish relations in the historical process from the Middle Ages to the present, and which has an important place in the history of the church in terms of church reform, heretics, religious minorities, had consequences that affected the presence of Jews in Europe. In this study, the four decisions of the Fourth Lateran Council, which carried out in 1215, against the Jews and the consequences of these decisions has been discussed. In the first part of the study, the religious circumstances of Europe in the 13th century; The Papacy, the crusades, and the cultural and political conditions of Europe were evaluated and the contribution of the aforementioned events to the council process was presented with a general perspective. In the second part, the developments before the council, the reasons for the council's meeting and what decisions were taken regarding the Jews were examined. In the last part, the religious and social reflections of the decisions taken within the framework of the Papal letters were evaluated. The importance of council decisions, which is an official attitude towards Jews, in terms of understanding the dimensions of Jewish-Christian relations is analyzed. It has been discussed to what extent the attitude of the church towards the Jews as the "other" affected the post-council process. Keywords: Fourth Lateran Council, Medieval, Jews, Christianity, Innocent III, Antisemitism, Crusades