Archaeo-gemmological investigation of gemstone artefacts (seal stones and ceremonial stones) and ancient jewelleries mounted gemstones in the İzmir Archaeological Museum

About two hundred thirty eight gemstone artefacts (seal gemstones and ceremonial stones) and jewelleries with gemstones in the İzmir Archaeology Museum, which they belong to the Anatolian cavitations and most of them have been kept in the store, are identified using non-destructive and non-invasive gemmological investigation methods (hydrostatic balance, refractometre, gemmology microscope, and UV lamb).With being revealed the periods and features to be cut and polished of the ancient gemstone artefacts, the dating and the establishing of exact values of the jewelleries with gemstones which are both obtained in the archaeological excavations and come to the museum for giving can be possible.In addition, this study show that conservation process of the ancient gemstones and jewelleries with gemstones, when it is not considered the gemmological features of them, results to be mistake the evaluation of many objects. Therefore, archaeo-gemmology and archaeo-gemmologist will be two new elements for the museums soon.