Application of excavation and support systems of tunnel for unstable soil conditions in route of light rail transit systems of Izmir Ucyol F. Altay

At the present time, public transport system has become a necessity because of increasing urban population. Unplanned urbanization and lack of road bring rail transport system which is more environmentally friendly, safe, fast, economic and comfortable than road transportation into the forefront. However, for a possible rail transport system certain technical difficulties such as climbing and turning limits have to be met and the difficulties are sorted out passing under the aboveground structure. Therefore, tunnelling has become a necessity in rail transport system. 44 km-long Izmir Light Rail System was investigated in this thesis.Uçyol - Fahrettin Altay route, which is approximately 5.5 kilometers and was excavated with New Austrualian Tunneling Method, is a part of the Izmir light rail system. Percentage distributions were calculated according to ÖNORM rock classification system in order to examine tunnel-soil/rock relations in this route. Also, numerical modeling study was done for the dominant rock classes. The results obtained were interpreted as a result of this modeling study. Applied excavation and support systems were also evaluated based on deformations occured in the tunnel.