Emigrations from Caucasia to Tokat and social-cultural integrations of emigrants during the period of 1877-1914

ABSTRACT İn this work, the social and cultural integration process, state's settlement program of the migrants and practices of the state's applications while and after the settlement reestablished and how that applications percepted by the migrants that came from Caucassus to Tokat, started in the 1914 as an outcome of the Russo-Ottoman war which had took place between the 1877-1878, will be evaluated. At the introduction part, migration phenomenon which had an very important position in the matter of social and demeographic evolution of the state, has been evaluated. Then, physical, geography and historical background of the Caucassus which were the place always been a battlefield and confusion area. The main aim of this work is to understand the migrant's effects, which had migrated from Caucassus, on the Tokat's social, cultural and demographic evolution. Because of it's not researched before, migrations to Tokat from Caucassus and migrants settlement on the region, has remained an original subject. The main sources of the work is the documents like well head sources named Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi ( With it's new label Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri). Also the work is strenghtened with the support of the well head sources Salname-i Devlet-i Aliye-i Osmaniye and Tertip Düstur and the ancillary sources on the Caucassus migrations. The work has an three chapters. İn the first chapter, Caucassus migrations that had started while and after the Russo-Ottoman war between 1877-1878, is been evaluated in general meaning, and how the Ottoman State's politics on to settling the migrants and their settlement has evaluated. İn the second chapter, informations about settlement of the migrants on central Tokat, Niksar, Erbaa and Zile which are in the border of Sandjak of Tokat, has presented. Beside of those, while and after the settlement, problems that originated from the migrants, local sand, local governors, and the reasons lies under those problems in the Kaza's border that mentioned above, will be evaluated. İn the third chapter, informations on the characteristic features of the migrants, aids to them by government, the security issues that they were caused have revealed. Finally based on the mentioned informations, the adaptation process of the migrants has evaluated. KeyWords:Caucassus, Migration, Migrants, Settlement, Sivas, Tokat, Erbaa, Niksar, Zile, Security, İntegration.