Sarcopenia and the effect of sarocopenia on prosthetic complications in patients with hip prosthesis

Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread muscle disease that increases the likelihood of adverse health problems, including falls, fractures, physical disability and death. According to current literature, the prevalence of sarcopenia at the 60th and 70th years are 5%,13%, respectively. This prevalence increases up to 11% -50% for people 80 years and older. Computed Tomography (CT), US (Ultrasonography), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) for measurement of muscle mass EWGSOP2 (The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People) proposed four methods. Osteoarthritis (OA), called degenerative joint disease, is the most common joint disease in the USA. Coxarthrosis is the name given to osteoarthritis of the hip joint. Total hip replacement is the primary surgical treatment of coxarthrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psoas muscle and paravertebral muscle in terms of sarcopenia in patients with total hip replacement and to investigate the effect of sarcopenia on prosthetic complications. MATERIALS METHODS The study was performed retrospectively by computed tomography of the pelvis taken at Atatürk Training and Research Hospital between 01.03.2013 - 01.08.2018. Of the 227 cases, 118 were the normal population without hip replacement and 109 were the study group with hip replacement. The area of the bilateral paravertebral and psoas muscles and the density of the software-selected area were independently calculated by the prosthesis of the patients. In addition, normal or possible complications of the final prosthesis were noted in each patient. While evaluating the images, paravertebral and psoas muscle boundaries were drawn at level of the L3 or L4 vertebrae in accordance with the previously accepted studies and maximum area measurement was performed. Prosthetic complications were recorded if any. RESULTS Although there was no significant difference in bilateral paravertebral muscle areas, there was a decrease in muscle density when hip prosthesis patients were compared with normal group regardless of side. There was a statistically significant decrease in left psoas muscle area and density in patients with right hip replacement compared to normal group. There was a statistically significant decrease in the right psoas muscle area and density in patients with left hip replacement compared to the normal group. Although there was no significant difference in right psoas muscle area, there was a decrease in psoas muscle density complications in patients with right hip prosthesis. Although there was no significant difference in right psoas muscle area in patients with left hip prosthesis compared to patients with prosthesis complications and healthy prosthesis, there was a decrease in psoas muscle density complications. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we think that the prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in patients with prosthesis compared to the normal population and that sarcopania may be one of the reasons that increase at the prosthesis complications.