Formation of public diplomacy and Turkish public diplomacy after 2000

With the end of the World War II, some tensions in international relations have arisen along with the fatigue and effects of having come out of two major wars around the world. These tensions led to the period called the Cold War, and this period was quite difficult for the states in a political sense. The states that have undergone two major wars and have not yet survived the effects of these wars have started to search for a different power from military power in their international policies during the Cold War period and at the end of the Cold War period. As a result of this search, the concept of soft power, which was conceptualized in this period, has started to be applied in foreign policy instead of military power. Many definitions of the concept of soft power have been made, but in general, for the concept of soft power, it would be correct to say "to create an attraction for states before other states and citizens of other states without using any military force, force, sanctions, to win some kind of hearts". In short, soft power is the ability to influence others both on the basis of the country and the citizen and to do what is desired. Although the United States pioneered these practices at first, over time, the preference of all states globally has become in favor of soft power, that is, public diplomacy practices. Although Turkey partially started these practices during the Ottoman Empire before they were conceptualized, it has adopted an effective public diplomacy approach since the establishment of the Republic of Turkey. Especially in the 2000s, the Republic of Turkey's public diplomacy approach has signed practices that are valid worldwide, and with a successful and effective public diplomacy approach, it has become a diplomatic power, especially in the Middle East. The purpose of the study is to make a conceptual analysis of public diplomacy, explain the history of public diplomacy, explain the understanding of public diplomacy that the Republic of Turkey has in the periods from the past to the present, and explain the public diplomacy applied in the 2000s by supporting institutions and organizations.