In point of the public economics the role of cooperatives in rural development process in Turkey: TARİŞ Olive and Olive Oil Union example

As an action, the cooperative movement is a community based economic, cultural and political movement with solidarity philosophy, which has appeared with different names in all the periods of human history. In the agricultural society, cooperatives appeared as agricultural production cooperatives, afterward in the industrial society the movement passed to the urban areas with the purpose of eliminating the unemployment problems. In today?s knowledge society, cooperatives became as development mechanisms for all the sectors. With the great power which is created with the solidarity, in all the geographical areas, the cooperative movement takes attention of the ruling powers like states. In some periods, this movement used for building the national economies, or in some periods the movement has used for ruling the mass population.After the first appear of the modern cooperatives in 1844, the evolution of the cooperative movement in the world, has been effected form the social economic and political changes. Because of the important economic and political power of the cooperatives, in some periods societies give these institutions high importance, on the contrary, in some periods societies saw them as suspicious. With the international cooperative principles had identified, these principles became references for the efficient modern cooperatives in the world. Today, in almost every developed country, agricultural cooperatives are the most important development mechanisms in rural areas. With this framework, The United Nations General Assembly has declared 2012 as the International Year of Cooperatives, highlighting the contribution of cooperatives to socio-economic development, particularly their impact on poverty reduction, employment generation and social integration.In many references, it?s accepted that, the cooperative movement in Turkey has started at 1863 with the name of ?Memleket Sandıkları? (Homeland Chests). Mithat Pasha, who?s an intellectual statesman, was the leader of this movement. Despite that, the cooperative movement?s historical roots about Turks, take place to the Seljuks Empire. About rural development in Turkey, the first modern cooperative movement took place in the rural areas of Aegean Region of Anatolia at 1913. After The Republic of Turkey has established, with the leading of the state, cooperatives showed important evolution progress. At the Planned Development Periods, state have seen agricultural cooperatives as development tools for rural areas, but because of the state tutelary and the inadequate cooperative education, in every period the performance of the cooperatives in Turkey have always been argumentative. Despite that, cooperatives and state have intensive relationship with each other in Turkey, usually the academic studies came up with the micro frame, and effects of the cooperatives have not been studied in the point of public economics. In this thesis, we examined the effects of cooperatives in the rural development of progress in Turkey, over the model of Taris Olive and Olive Oil Union, with the public economics point of view.