The effect of Emodin on rats with liver damage by carbon techloride

Ağlamiş S. The Effect of Emodin on Rats with Liver Damage by Carbon Techloride, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Health Sciences Institute, Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Master's Thesis, Van, 2024. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a xenobiotic that causes hepatotoxicity in living organisms. It has the ability to cause cellular damage through free radical production and is widely used to create toxicity models. Emodin is a naturally occurring anthraquinone found in the roots and bark of numerous plants of the Rhamnus genus. Emodin has an important role in inhibiting and clearing free radicals and providing protection against infection and degenerative diseases. In the present study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of emodin and its protective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated, and histopathological changes that may occur in the liver tissue were investigated. In the study, 32 female Wistar Albino rats weighing 150-300 g were used. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups, each with 8 rats, and the research lasted 8 days. Physiological saline (i.p) was given to the control group. In the emodin group, emodin was given orally to the animals at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. While the rats in the CCl4 group were administraled a single dose of 1 mg/kg CCl4 i.p on the eighth day, the CCl4+Emodin group was given emodin at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day orally and a single dose of 1 mg/kg CCl4 was injected i.p on the eighth day. 24 hours after the last CCl4 injection (day 9), 90 mg/kg ketamine was administered i.p. to all rats and blood samples were taken from the heart. ALT and AST analyzes were performed on serum samples. Histopathological examination and biochemical analyzes were performed on the liver tissue. The liver tissue was mechanically homogenized and GSH, MDA, AOPP, TNF-α, IL-6 analyzes were performed using ELISA kits. While serious increases were observed in serum ALT and AST levels in the group given CCl4, the levels decreased with emodin administration and statistical significance was found when compared to other groups. In liver tissue extract analyses, a decrease in GSH level was detected in the CCl4 group, while an increase in MDA, AOPP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels was observed. When emodin was administered to this group, GSH level increased while significant decreases were detected in other parameters. In the histopathological examination of liver tissues, severe degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and hyperemia in the vessels were observed in the acinar region in the CCl4 group. It was determined that there was mild degeneration and necrosis in the acinar region in the liver tissues of the emodin added group. As a result, it can be said that emodin has a significant hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced hepatoxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, regulating pro-inflammatory agents and with its antioxidant effect