Investigation of the effect of apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel oil and yarrow (Achillea millefolium) extract on cell death in gastric cancer cell line

Objective: This research was conducted to examine the effect of apricot kernel oil and yarrow extract on MKN-28 gastric cancer cells. Material and Methods: MKN-28 cells, a gastric cancer cell line, were grown using the cell culture method. MTT, annexin-V, caspase-3/7, cell cycle and clonogenic experiments were performed by applying the doses of apricot kernel oil, yarrow extract and their combinations at the determined concentrations (9 dose groups in total, including the control). The obtained data were evaluated in the SPSS software. Results: For apricot kernel oil, doses close to the IC50 value of 1000 µg/ml and 1200 µg/ml, and for yarrow extract, doses of 5800 µg/ml and 6000 µg/ml were used. In the clonogenic experiment, no colony formation was observed at all concentrations of apricot kernel oil, yarrow extract and combination groups compared to the control group. In the Annexin-V experiment, a significant decrease in cell viability was observed in all other concentration groups compared to the control group. In the caspase-3/7 experiment, a significant decrease was observed in cell viability in all other groups compared to the control group. A significant decrease was seen in all other groups compared to the control in the S phase % graph. In the % graph of the G2/M phase, the highest significant increase was detected in the apricot kernel oil 1200 µg/ml + yarrow extract 5800 µg/ml combination group compared to the control group. Conclusion: It was concluded that apricot kernel oil and yarrow extract reduced cell viability on MKN-28 cells, stopped the cell cycle at different stages, and showed anti-tumoral effects. Keywords: Apoptosis, Yarrow Extract, Cell Death, Apricot Kernel Oil, Gastric cancer