Solution plans? of cyprus question (according to United Nations Resolution 789)

This report focuses what the effects of the United Nations Security Council Resolution no 789 (1992) will be on the Cypriot Turk and Greek communities, what the report produced by former UN Secretary Butros Gali under the title ?A Bunch of Ideas Within the Frame of an Intergraded Agreement? shall put on and take from the Cyprus issue, and how the intervening nations shall be affected therefrom.This subject handled is rather significant due to the fact that no effective studies have been conducted on the subject and before all else that it is closely related to the foreign policies of both homelands (Turkey-Greece) and both nations on the island (Cypriot Greeks and Turks) and that it contributes to the settlement of disputes in this strategic part of the world.This study neutrally reveals the ?positive? and ?negative? aspects of the structuring projected in the Set of Ideas prepared in the first hand by UN Secretary General and approved by the Security Council, parties? opinions in relation to this structuring have been considered within the frame of the report of the UN Secretary General and a healthy assessment has been made on the UN Secretary General?s ?friendly initiative duty? and concrete initiatives have been surfaced to the effect that there were wishes to change this duty in the direction of `mediator-arbitrator?. Finally, a parallelism has been established with the future structuring of Cyprus, and the recent developments as a result of ethnic divisions in the world and particularly in Europe and their causes have been exhibited.Moreover, an evaluation has been made on the current situation in Cyprus and the structuring aimed at the future of the island in the light of facts and the UN Secretary General?s friendly initiative duty has been reviewed in consideration of the last resolutions of the Security Council. Opinions on the outlines of the fair and permanent solution plan in Cyprus as revealed by Gali Set of Ideas and on the principles of the method of conduct to be followed.In essence, interpretations on the analysis, practice and possible future results of the Gali Set of Ideas that has such an important influence are the subjects of this research. But, in order to be able to maintain integrity in the subject matter, it has also been deemed necessary to handle the process until the signature of the agreement based on the Set of Ideas.Another important issue, contradictory interpretations of the Greek and Turkish leadership and Turkish and Greek authorities who are the first degree parties to the issue on the essence and format of the ?Set of Ideas? accepted by the Security Council have been exhibited.In addition, a comparative critic has been made on the policies followed by the Cypriot Turkish and Greeks, contents of Gali Set of Ideas and the possible results of the proposals of the subjects of this document.In short, the specific purpose of this agreement is to detail and reveal the gains and losses of parties from the Gali Set of Ideas according to the particular policies of parties. The purpose underlying all these is the determination of `some uncertain characteristics of federation? considered to be established for the settlement of Cyprus issue.Except for these, efforts were made to assess the proposals of Gali Set of Ideas on basic issues within the frame of the policies of Cypriot Turkish and Greek administrations and based on the statistical documentation prepared by the official bodies of parties. When making an assessment, details of the subject were touched on and an emphasis has been put more on the issues being discussed in public.Written on the basis of this idea, the study is formed of eight different sections. Since each section is limited to the subject it has handled, its purpose is also limited. However, it is obvious that this limitedness does not take us away from the general purpose. Accordingly, the sections of this study are as follows:Section one aims to shed light on the New York process negotiations characterized as a first step in maintaining peace in a region like Cyprus that has maintained its characteristic as a continuous crisis region and has never lost the strategic importance it carried and the inside story of the parties? bargaining in the negotiations. Therefore, a comparison has been made on the negotiation techniques of parties and a serious assessment has been made on how international bargaining was made.Section two handles the directing principles that will allow the Set of Ideas to be in agreement with the integrated targets. as the basic spirit of the agreement, this Section determines how the model developed for permanent solution for the Cypriot Turkish and Greek communities will be.Section three states the basic features of the intended federation between Cypriot Turks and Greeks, how the legislation, executive and adjudication organs of the federal constitution will be organized and what the social, political, economical and legal disputes will be between the parties or on which subjects there will be a reconciliation.Section four aims to state how both communities on the island and Turkey and Greece perceive the issues of guarantees and security, how they referred to the agreement in relation thereto, what they expected from them and the strategic importance of other issues on security, that is non-militarization, disarmament and bringing multinational power.Section five handles land arrangement issues that is at the top of the issues that Cypriot Greek and Turkish leadership gets into difficulty in agreeing. Sovereignty borders of existence of two separate regions, amount of land to be left to the Cypriot Greek administration, land ownership from 1958 to 1974 and subsequent compensation, funds, exchange of goods to arise therefrom and the criteria of relevant mapping.Section six handles the shifts of persons to get affected from land arrangements, their rehabilitation, cost analysis and socio-economic effects of operations to be carried out.Section seven states what the economic structure of the federation to be established shall be, with what criteria the Central Bank, customs, trade, deposits, foreign exchange, protective measures, foreign aids and loans shall be arranged.Section eight, which is the last section, shows what arrangements shall be made in the period from the agreement signed between the parties and until the announcement of federal state, which commissions will be established and what kind of an execution method will be followed.In fact, issues like the redrawing of the sovereignty and political borders of Cypriot Turkish and Greek communities, the issue of guarantees and security, federal powers, determination off issues like legislation and the executive power and expression of their effects on the parties form the turning point of Gali Set of Ideas. Therefore, all relevant scenarios are handled one by one and an analysis has been made on the possible progress about Cyprus.Finally, each section gives concrete solutions and proposals on the areas of dispute of Cypriot Turkish and Greek communities. Such proposals are not ?romantic, abstract, conventional, and friendliness? proposals. These are very well thought pragmatic proposals. at least, the aim in this is to ensure the discussion of concrete proposals in the future.The differences in the opinion of parties with regards to the result made at the end of the study are summarized below:Picture:Cypriot Turkish OpinionsCypriot Greek OpinionsContinuation of the `de facto? status in 1974Continuation of the constitutional order in 1960Continuation of 1960 Guarantees andBringing multinational powerAlliance AgreementsEstablishment of two founding partnershipsSovereignty of Greek majorityEquality of communitiesEquality of individualsEquality of nationsMajority-minority relationship between NationsConstitutional equal rightsProtective rightsEqual share in administrationProportional participationIn fact, this study has shown the necessity to clarify the concepts, particularly the relationship between the `federalists? and `anti-federalists? or `nationalists? and `socialists?. and this has forced `federalists? and `anti-federalists? or `nationalists? and `socialists? to evaluate the concepts they used within the frame of mutual relationships and apply them to concrete social realities.This simple separation in Cyprus between `conservatism? and `progressiveness? or `traditionalism? and `revisionism? has no meaning when compared to concrete incidents and situations. This meaning finds life in the revisionists? `lack of solution is no solution? and status-quo advocates? `no of solution is a solution?. Since the format and order that the conservativists struggle to maintain also includes some forces aimed at radically changing the nature of society and policy, they might cause them to change. In return, liberal and radical progressivists may get into the fantast of their future utopias in order to show that their attitudes are true, and they may be as static as the `conservativists?. Liberal or radical progressivisits in both communities in Cyprus believe that unless a better system will be established when intending to change the system, they might at least realize their own opinions through change of system.From this point, as a result of examination of Gali Set of Ideas in all aspects, it is thought to assist the re-planning of political strategies of Turkish Republic of Northern, and that at the same time the realities that might possible arise in scope analysis will hopefully be used in the currently undergoing inter-community negotiations.