Experimentally comparing the efficacies of locally applicated glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor tideglusib and E-TZF in bone defects

Objective: Tideglusib is a glycogen synthase kinase kinase 3 (GSK-3) inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, showing effects to increase bone healing. E-TZF is a new generation platelet product containing high amounts of growth factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Tideglusib and E-TZF in combination with xenograft in the healing of experimentally induced cranial bone defects. Method: In our study, 40 3-month-old adult female Wistar rats were used. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, each containing 8 rats. Bone defects of critical size (5 mm) were created in the calvarium of the rats. Then, the materials for the defects were Gelatin sponge in Group-1, Gelatin sponge+Tideglusib in Group-2, Gelatin sponge +Tideglusib+Xenograft in Group-3, Gelatin sponge+E-PRF+Xenograft in Group-4, Group- In 5, Gelatin sponge+E-PRF+Xenograft+Tideglusib was applied. As a result of the study, all subjects were euthanized under high-dose thiopental sodium anesthesia. Bone samples obtained from the calvarium were analyzed histomorphometrically and radiologically to evaluate bone healing. Results: As a result of statistical analysis of histomorphometric examinations, there was a significant difference between Group-1 and all other groups except Group-2.(p<0.05) There was also a statistically significant difference between Group-5 and all other groups.(p<0.05) Analysis of radiological examinations also confirmed the histomorphometric findings. Conclusion: Based on the information obtained from this study; It can be said that tideglusib alone does not contribute to bone healing in the healing of calvarial bone defects, but the use of xenograft and E-PRF together with tideglusible or the combined use of E-PRF and xenograft may have a positive effect on bone healing. However, further studies are needed to confirm the results and transfer them to clinical practice.