Determination of gamma radiation lethal doses oncement in kinova (Chenopodium quinoa L. Cv Atlas) seeds

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of gamma radiation on germination in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L. Cv Atlas) and to determine lethal dose values. For this purpose, Quinoa seeds were exposed to 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy gamma radiation doses by using Cobalt 60 source in Akdeniz University Medical School. 300 seeds were used for each dose. Germination and seedling development of irradiated seeds were investigated in laboratory conditions. Germination percentage and seedling mortality data were analyzed by using Probit model and LD50 values were calculated by using germination percentage and seedling mortality values of irradiated seeds obtained. The seeds of M1 and M2 generations were grown in the Akdeniz University research plots in the autumn and spring 2016-2017 in 2.1 M x 5 M 3-row spacing. The phenotypic mutations were recorded and mutant types were determined and harvested separatelyin each generation. Seed yield was not obtained from the applications exposed to 400 and 500 Gy em radiation dose. The seed saponin ratio was analyzed in M2 generation. Seed germination percentages at 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy gamma radiation doses were 47.67%, 46.67%, 44.00%, 45.67%, 49.00%, 46%, 33,67% and 34,67%, respectively, while seedling mortality percentages were 1,00%, 4,00%, 4,00%, 4,33%, 8,33%, 9,33%, 13,67% and 17.67%. The seedlings were then transferred to plots under field conditions and plant growth was observed. As the doses of gamma radiation increased, seedling mortality increased in the field conditions and plant height decreased. Phenotypic mutations were observed in M1 and M2 generations in field conditions. The amount of seed saponin in the doses of 0, 100, 150 and 200 300 Gy varied between 0.24%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10% and 0.10%. Phenotypic expansions have been observed in terms of plant height, branching, leaf and spike color. The data obtained during the M1 and M2 generations were discussed and the phenotypic variations were shown. KEYWORDS: 60Co, Kinova, Mutation, Phenotype, Variation