Sharh-u Akhlak-i Adudiyya of Kirmani

The aim of this thesis entitled as Kirmani?nin Şerh-u Ahlak-ı Adudiyye Adlı Eseri (Sharh-u Akhlâk-ı Adûdiyya of Kirmânî) is to find out Kirmani?s ideas, analyzing the mentioned work which was a commentary on Adûdüddin al- Îcî?s small treatise on Islamic ethics. Kirmani?s work is of great importance in the sense that he is the writer of a commentary on Sahîh-i Buhârî. In addition, his views are valuable due to the fact that they reflect significant clues as to the classical Islamic ethics. We presented in brief philosophers views on ethics in order to comprehend Kirmani in a historical continuity. We aimed to determine his ideas which he inherited from the tradition, and to discover the issues he differentiated from his predecessors and his contributions to the tradition. In this context, we made effort to show what he contributed to the commented work. We explained Kirmani?s definition of ethics, his classification of sciences and the place that ethics occupied in this classification. We commented on Kirmani?s ideas on this topic which is accepted as one of the ancient problems of ethics such as the question of whether ethics change or not. We tried to facilitate comprehension of the issue of the powers of the soul, on which virtues and graces are built. We tried to determine Kirmani?s list of the three fundamental virtues, wisdom, courage and temperance and the secondary virtues that exist under these three. We devote some pages to our thinker?s classification of the moral illnesses and his methods of their treatment. We found it congruous to indicate the illnesses which originate from the powers of the soul, rational, concupiscence and desire, by comparing them among the philosophers before and after Kirmani. We revelated Kirmani?s advice and recommendations for the preservation of the ethics due to the fact that it is supposed to be necessary for an acquirer of these moral graces to protect his/her acquisitions. We introduced family institution, which is composed of parents, children, housemaids, and the reason for its establishment with respect to house-management. The four issues of house management are wealth, wife, children and housemaids. We have explained how a father, who has a significant position in house management as a prudent manager, should direct these four groups. We tried to emphasize how some duties of the father and mother gain prominence and necessity. We have endeavored to exhibit the reasons and justifications of some conventional views on how should the male behave towards his spouse. After personal and familial morality, we have tried to discover our thinker?s view on state management. We argued that Kirmani agreed on that a society originates from the men?s being social creatures, an idea which comes from Aristotle. We focused on his classification of city types which differs from those of the predecessors. This classification is analyzed in the light of Farabi?s views. We explained what kind of features a government ruler should possess. Besides, we dwelled on the duties of a ruler and the fact that they all essentially correspond to the concept of justice. Therefore, it was proved that it is necessary for a government ruler to be an excellent person in moral terms. We have focused on the identities and features of the groups, other than the ruler, who are called as people and peers. We underscored that the stratum of masses resemble those who are close to the sultan with his mentioned responsibilities. We added the full Arabic text of the manuscript annotation to the Appendix 1 considering that it will be beneficial. Keywords: Kirmânî, Îcî, Islamic ethics, virtue, widkedness, to administer, family, state, head of state