Evaluation of common use of drought indices by factor analysis in the example of Konya closed basin

The climate includes a series of events that have a profound impact on human life. It is possible to understand these events with spatial and statistical analysis. Drought is shown as one of the consequences of climate change and it is important to examine it in various ways as it may have negative consequences for both economy and nature. In this study, the temperature and precipitation data obtained from the meteorological stations of Cihanbeyli, Karapınar, Çumra, Seydişehir, Kulu, Ereğli, Niğde, Karaman, Beyşehir and Aksaray meteorology stations of the T.C. General Directorate of Meteorology between 1981 and 2010 were evaluated. The effect of drought on climate change was calculated monthly using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Percentage of Normal Index (PNI), Aridity Index (AI) and Standardized Precipitation-Evopotranspiration Index (SPEI). As a result of the calculations, when the SPI, PNI, AI and SPEI indices were compared, it was observed that the drought status was normal and near normal for all periods. In order to make these indices into a single index, statistical analysis was performed with Factor and Clustering Analysis methods and a general index can be calculated and used by taking the average of SPI, SPEI, Aridity indices. 2020, 61 Pages Keywords: Aridity index, Climate, Drought, Percentage of normal ındex (PNI), Standardized precipitation ındex (SPI), Standardized precipitation-evopotranspiration index (SPEI)