The geometric properties of the femoral and tibial shaft of the dog

The studies on the age, gender etc. related morphometric variances of long bonesof dog are important for interpreting biomechanical or conformational differences. On the other hand, data on such geometric variations are used in orthopedic studies to improve some deformity correction methods and to develop the methods or designs of implants. The healthy femur and tibias of 41 dogs of similar size were used in the study. The bones were evaluated in four groups as young male (n = 11), young female (n = 10), adult male (n = 10) and adult female (n = 10). The X-rays and computerized tomographic images of the bones were obtained. The proximal and distal spongious bone ratios were calculated using radiographs. The cortical thickness and medullary diameters were measured. The anatomic axis, proximal and distal longitudinal axes were drawn in the three dimensional bone models that were prepared from cross section images. The proximal and distal medio-lateral inclinations on the dorsal plane and proximal and distal cranio-caudal inclinations on the sagittal plane were also measured using these axes. The mean values, standard deviations, confidence intervals the statistical comparisons and the correlation coefficients for these measurements on the each age group were presented in the tables. The geometric properties of the shafts and cross-sections of the femur and tibia that are anatomically and clinically important long bones of dogs were tried to be explained according to age and sex, and the suggestions for some orthopedic applications were also made according to some geometric variations