Determination of hemodynamic, ventilatory and metabolic effects of aerobic exercise and resistant home exercise program in coronary artery patients

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the aerobic exercise given to hospital patients with coronary artery disease and resistant home exercise program and to determine and evaluate the hemodynamic, ventilatory and metabolic effects. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 stable patients with a history of coronary artery disease followed at the Cardiology or Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic of Celal Bayar University Hospital were included in the study. Patients were randomized into aerobic exercise training group (aerobic exercise group) and home exercise group (group 2) in the cardiac rehabilitation unit of the physical therapy clinic. Patients in the aerobic exercise group were administered a controlled aerobic exercise program on a treadmill 3 times a week for a period of 6 weeks supervised in the hospital. All patients were given at moderate exercise intensity. At the beginning and at the end of the program, exercise tolerance test (ETT), six minute walk test (6MWT), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Exercise Benefits / Barriers Scale (EBBS), Short Form-36 for all patients (SF-36) quality of life test was performed and blood tests were requested to detect metabolic and hemodynamic changes in blood. Results: After six weeks; aerobic exercise group and home exercise group showed statistically significant increases in 6MWT (p <0.05). In aerobic exercise group, FEV 1 and FVC were statistically significant increases (p <0.05). There was a significant decrease (p <0.05). There was a statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose in the aerobic exercise group (p <0.05). In aerobic exercise group, there was a statistically significant increase in physical function, social function and physical role limitation of SF-36 (p <0.05). In the IPAQ questionnaire in which physical activity was evaluated, there was a statistically significant increase in aerobic exercise group (p <0.05). VO2 and MET values in the aerobic exercise group were increased, but not statistically significant. Although there was no statistically significant difference in the HR parameter in both groups, a decrease was observed. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, supervised aerobic exercise in hospital has a more positive effect on respiratory capacity, lipid profile, physical activity and quality of life parameters than at home resistant exercise. Determination of positive effects of decreasing cardiovascular risk factors such as decrease in BMI and increase in walking distance in resistant home exercise group also showed significant effects of resistant exercises on functional and metabolic capacity. Our study showed that supervised exercise programs may be more effective in clinics, but home programs given to patients with low or moderate risk who cannot participate in hospital exercise programs due to social reasons have a protective effect against cardiovascular risk factors. Key words: Cardiac rehabilitation, coronary artery disease, exercise