Integration of historical fabrics with living city in the context of conservation policies

Historic fabrics, important elements in the formation of cultural identity belonging to cities, are living organisms affecting by the encountered technological, social and cultural changes. Changes of historic fabrics without losing their unique features in this period of change lived compulsorily have importance for the conservation of identity of cities.In order to be discussed the historic fabrics as a whole, first of all there should be general conservation understanding on country basis after that a set of decisions should be taken and performed by degrading this general understanding formed in upper scale to city and historic fabric belonging to the city. Applications, performed in the framework of integrated conservation understanding generated with protected concept in our country, generally produce partial solutions and cause the historic fabrics not to be discussed as a whole due to absent of general protection policy.In this study, historic fabric in İzmir Kemeraltı Urban Protected Area and Third Degree Archaeological Protected Area (121, 178, 180 plots) was selected as sample investigation area due to being close to Kemeraltı bazaar which is an important historic center of İzmir, being turned into an inactive state in respect of present situation in our present day and being in danger of its cultural wealth. It was tried to determine that which degree function is effective in decisions taken for conservation in areas and interventions performed in the same time by comparing the residence (121 plot) and commercial (178, 180 plots) functional districts each other.178 and 180 plots used for commercial function in present day are residential districts used by elite class of one period in unique state. District was used with various functions in the transformation framework lived in the city in that period. With Republic period, district having a symbolic value politically was the center of Union and Progress Party in this period. Buildings in district were used in functions such as National Library, National Library Cinema having an important place in the past of the city. Historical structures used as physician?s office and law office in recent period are in highly demolished state in present day because of unplanned developments, income concerns, deficiency of conservation conscious.The second selected district (121 plot) is the residential district used with its unique function in present day. District remained in background in proportion to the first district contains the qualified civil architecture samples. But district nearly became a migration region in present day because of the developments lived within period. Although Street 842 (İnönü Street) in the fabric has protected its originality to a large extent in terms of both physical features and cultural value and it is one of the limited historical street samples, it has turned into an inactive state since the required importance is not given in present day.In the study carried out; conservation legislations belonging to various countries and our country were examined comparatively and it was tried to determine that how the historic fabric affects by conservation methods and policies in our country in accordance with the data obtained and analyses made in the sample district. It was known that many city centers became collapse region as in the case of Kemeraltı. In this framework, it was considered that this study would be directive in order to reveal the methods that can be applied for integrated conservation of historic fabrics and elements that should be taken into consideration.