The analyzing of interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and lymphocyte subgroups in children with chronic hepatitis b infection

Viral hepatitis caused by hepatitis B viruses is an important health problemall over the world, because they are the major factor cause cirrhosis and HCC.Inadequate immun response to viruse by the immune system of infectedperson is effective in developing chronic hepatitis B. Lymphocytes and cytokineshave crucial roles in this response. Cytokines just as take part in recovery ofhepatitis B infection, and may be effective in developing chronic infection.Cytokines which IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ take crucial roles in recovery of acutehepatitis B are released from Th1 lymphocytes, cytokines released from Th2lymphocytes (IL-3, IL-10, IL-13) are accepted for developing chronic infection.The aim of the study by detecting IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and lymphocytesubgroups of children with chronic hepatitis B is to determine the associatonbetween Th1 cytokines and chronic hepatitis development. In the study 99 childrendivided into 5 groups as children with chronic hepatitis, nonresponder to antiviraltherapy, hepatitis B carriers, seroconversion development by antiviral therapyand control groups. The results of the patients are compared with control group.In group I, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ levels are increased, but CD4+ and CD8+lymphocytes decreased. It means that Th1 response is activated to inhibit theproliferation of the viruse, but a defect in the function can be inadequate to blockHBV proliferation.Children nonresponder to therapy (group II) have increased levels of IL-1β,TNF-α, IFN-γ and CD4+ lymphocytes, but there is no change in CD8+ lymphocytescompared with controls. It is thought that Th1 path is activated,but there is adefect to compose a response.Hepatitis B carrier group (III) have increased levels of IL-1β, TNF-α anddecreased TNF-α level and CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes. Thought that cell immediateimmunity to HBV has a defect, Th1 activity is going on but insufficient in viralclearance.In group IV patients have (anti-HBe seroconversion developed by antiviraltherapy) increased levels of IL-1β and TNF-α, but decreased level of IFN-γ andlymphocytes compared with controls. By ongoing Th1 cytokine response thoughtthat these patients develop anti-HBe seroconversion.We concluded that Th1 cytokine response accepted for the recovery of acuteHBV infection, may be effective in development and outcome of chronic hepatitis.