Conservation process in rural heritage areas: The case of Demirci town (Aksaray) conservation area

Rural heritage encompasses areas that reflect traditional agricultural practices, unique architectural structures, social relationships, and cultural expressions—elements that shape local identity and ensure historical continuity. However, rural heritage areas are increasingly under threat due to pressures such as industrialization, urbanization, unplanned development, and a lack of conservation awareness. Although Turkey has a legal framework for the protection of cultural assets, significant inconsistencies and deficiencies persist in the planning and implementation processes specific to rural areas. This study aims to examine the conservation process applied in rural areas and to identify the key issues encountered in this context. The research focuses on Demirci, a town in the province of Aksaray, which stands out with its historical fabric, traditional stone architecture, agricultural lifestyle, and relatively preserved natural environment. A mixed-methods research approach was adopted, combining qualitative data—gathered through literature review, field observations, and in-depth interviews with local residents—with quantitative data derived from map analysis, statistical records, and visual documentation. Findings indicate that while Demirci holds significant rural heritage value, the conservation process faces structural challenges. These include jurisdictional ambiguities, fragmented planning approaches, insufficient documentation and financial resources, and low levels of community participation. The case of Demirci highlights the need for holistic and sustainable strategies tailored to the unique characteristics of rural areas in order to ensure effective heritage conservation.