Investigation of the effects of short, medium and long chain fatty acids on osteocalcin, lepti-N and insulin levels

There are many studies on insülin released from pancreatic beta cells, both active and inactive osteocalcin in bone tissue, and leptin released in adipose tissue. However, data on the effects of combined short, medium and long fatty acids on the serum/tissue concentration of hormones such as osteocalcin, leptin and insülin are scarce. This study aims to investigate the effects of combined use of butyric acid, caprylic acid and oleic acid on osteocalcin, leptin and insulin secretion. Forty-nine male Wistar rats were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into 7 subgroups as control group, butyric acid group, caprylic acid group, oleic acid group, butyric acid+caprylic acid group, butyric acid+oleic acid group, and caprylic acid+oleic acid group. Fatty acid was administered orally for 21 days. At the end of the study, osteocalcin, insulin, and leptin levels of serum samples taken from rats were determined by the ELISA method. While osteocalcin and leptin levels were found to be high in the group administered only butyric acid, insulin levels were found to be higher in the group treated with combined caprylic acid + oleic acid. The blood glucose level of the caprylic acid group was found to be higher than the other groups. In conclusion, the relationship between osteocalcin, leptin, and insulin is quite complex. Different studies show that osteocalcin can have an effect on leptin resistance, consumption of different types of fatty acids, especially short-chain fatty acids, can contribute to insulin sensitivity by increasing the release of osteocalcin, can help reduce leptin resistance, and osteocalcin can reduce insulin resistance.