The effect of restricted irrigation and Rhizobium spp. applications on yield and quality of soybean (Glycine max. L. Merr.) varieties

Objective: In this thesis, it was aimed to provide an effective biological nitrogen fixation by working with a different Rhizobium bacterium that has not been applied in Aydın ecological conditions before and to develop it in sustainable agricultural systems. In this thesis study, how soybean can be integrated into sustainable agricultural systems due to climate change, and the reflections of nodule formation and nodulation performances on yield and quality of soybean roots under the factors of the activities of Rhizobium bacteria depending on limited water applications have been our main research topics. Material and Methods: In this study, 4 different restricted water treatments (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%), 2 soybean cultivars (Cinsoy and Altınay) and 2 different Rhizobium bacteria (Control, AZOTEK-2, USDA-110) were applied to ensure nodule formation in soybean roots and to examine the effects of nitrogen fixation on yield and quality characteristics of soybean. The experiment was established in 3 replicates according to randomized block split plots experimental design. In the experiment, the main factor was Rhizobium bacteria treatments, the first sub-factor was soybean varieties and the second sub-factor was restricted irrigation practices. Results: Within the scope of the study, phenological development periods, plant height, first pod height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant, number of pods per pod, yield, thousand-seed weight, hectoliter, leaf area amount, chlorophyll amount, protein, oil, fiber, moisture, ash ratios Yield and quality parameters such as fatty acid ratio and composition, crude oil ratio, crude oil yield will be examined. Conclusion: It was concluded that water and bacteria treatments and combinations of these factors had significant effects on yield parameters of soya bean varieties. The highest grain yield and 1000 grain weight values were obtained in USDA 110 bacteria treatment in ALTINAY variety in 75% water treatment, while the highest values in plant height, pod number, grain number, hectolitre weight, leaf area, crude oil ratio and crude oil yield were determined in 100% water treatment and USDA 110 bacteria treatment.