Design of hyrolic turbins at small hyroelectrical power plants

According to the classification of UNIDO (United Nations Industrial DevelopmentOrganization) small hydropower schemes include the schemes which have a power between 1MW and 10 MW. The schemes with smaller capacity than 1 MW are called mini hydropowerschemes and the schemes with a higher capacity than 10 MW are called the medium scaledhydropower schemes.Hydrolic turbins can be classified according to the way of operation, the way of construction,net head, direction of flow through the runner. But hydrolic turbines has two main types suchas ?impuls turbines? and ?reaction turbines?.In this study the hydrolic turbin designs are observed and the calculations are made forBerdan HEPP which is being operated by Alarko since 1996 and has turbines of Francis type.In this study also the calculations for turbines of Kaplan type which may be an alternative tothe Francis type are made according to the data of net head and flow that takes place in thestudy report of EIE in 2005 and the total energy output values under the same circumstancesare calculated for both types of turbines, Francis and Kaplan.As a result it is found out and shown that if the turbines of Kaplan type which are moreefficient with partial loads have been used instead of Francis type, the total electricity outputwould have been 5974954 kW more in 2005.Keywords: Small HEPP, Selection of Turbines, Design of TurbinesJURY1. Doç. Dr. Özgen Ümit ÇOLAK (Supervisor) Date: 22.06.20062. Y. Doç. Dr. Zehra YUMURTACI Page: 1233. Y. Doç. Dr. Nur BEK ROĞLU