Benefit and harm principles in determining halal and haram in the Qur'an (Food example)

From the first day of creation, the most important need of human beings is nutrition. Like other living things, nutrition, and therefore foodstuffs, is one of the most vital natural and basic needs for human beings. Many scientific studies have been made and continue to be done on food, which is of such importance. In the meantime, the subject of food has entered the field of interest of all religions, whether divine or human. Naturally, the source of nutrition, the way it is obtained, its consumption, its effects on physical and mental health have become the field of interest of the Islamic religion due to the fact that it is an issue related to public rights and social order. The Qur'an has mentioned in many verses that the blessings in the universe are offered to human use. The Qur'an, which follows a moderate path regarding halal and haram, has drawn a wide circle of halal and limited those blessings that are haram. Along with this wide freedom, he also wants people to be meticulous in their halal and haram sensitivity. While food is forbidden in the Qur'an, it is not as strict as in Judaism, but an understanding that sees everything as permissible is not accepted as in Christianity. Even in the verses that make haram foods halal in case of necessity, people are warned not to exceed the limit. This situation reveals the importance of being sensitive about halal and haram. In the determination of halal and haram, some principles such as nass, taabbudi, being clean-najis, the way of slaughtering, waste and public harm, necessity, benefit-harm have been adopted. In this thesis, we will examine the principles of benefit and harm in the determination of halal and haram in terms of tafsir literature. Our thesis consists of an introduction, three sections and a conclusion part. In the first chapter, we explained the definition of halal and haram concepts. In the second chapter, we have touched on the subject of halal and haram according to the Qur'an, the concepts of halal and haram in other religions, their principles, and the powers and wisdom of these religions to make haram. In the third chapter, we have examined the benefit-harm principles in determining halal and haram in detail in the context of the tafsir literature. Also, we searched for answers to questions such as; what are the wisdoms of making haram? Is there a haram practice in other religions? What are the benefit-harm principles in the context of Tafsir literature? Keywords: Tafsir, Qur'an, Halal, Haram, Benefit, Harm, Halal Food