The process of interpretation of the meaning of the descent of the Qur'an

In this study, the transformation of the verses used as evidence in matters of faith and practical matters from their meanings in the period of descent to their epistemological meanings in the periods when Islāmic sciences gained stability, is discussed. The subject of the research has been limited by studying the early period linguistic commentaries and narration commentaries in the second and third centuries, and the kalām and fiqh commentaries written from the beginning of the fourth century to the end of the seventh century. Throughout the study, descriptive, comparison and discussion methods were used. The first two aims of the research are to present an original study that combines the primary, original and historical meanings of the verses at the time of their revelation, and the new meanings of the verses in the eyes of kalām and fiqh sciences. In addition, the study tries to look at issues from a different perspective, such as the nature of the Qurʾān, the word-text relationship in which a remarkable new literature has been produced in recent years in the science of tafsīr. Thus, the study aims to contribute to the field of tafsīr with an original thesis. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives in a systematic way, this study is divided into five parts consisting of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction part, the theoretical framework is explained by putting forward the hypothesis of the research. Then, in the second part, the conceptual framework of the concepts in the title of the study is presented. In the third chapter, it has been touched upon that exegete (mufassir) mutakallims carry various verses from their authentic meanings to their epistemological new meanings. It was concluded that some of these activities were caused by reasons such as neglect of the internal and external context and sectarian bigotry, but these were counted among the negative/inconsistent examples of transformation. Similarly, it was concluded that some of them were made due to different factors such as the expansion of Islāmic geographies and the differentiation of sociological conditions, and these were expressed in positive examples of transformation. In the fourth chapter, it is mentioned that the exegete (mufassir) faqīhs carry some verses from their linguistic meanings to their textual meanings. It was deduced that some of these savings took place due to preliminary ideas and reductionist attitudes, and similarly, these were given as examples of the negative side of the transformation. In addition, it has been concluded that factors such as the current situations brought by social conditions and the desire to keep in touch with the Qurʾān contribute to the realization of the transformation in a positive way. In the conclusion part the results obtained from verse examples were criticized and it was stated that the hypothesis put forward in the introduction part was confirmed.