Finance of health expenditures in the globalization processexample of BRICS-T countries

In recent years, global economies have given more importance to the field of health, which is seen as an important element of human capital. Because, with the increase in investments and expenditures in the field of health, the quality of life of the individual increases, labor productivity is positively affected by this situation, and economic growth and development are achieved. However, in the last 30 years, the epidemiological transition, economic crises, demographic developments, aging of the population and increasing chronic diseases in developing countries have led to an increase in health expenditures worldwide. This situation has made it necessary for countries globally to plan their health financing systems forward. Especially in the welfare state, which entered the liquidation process with the globalization movement that gained momentum after the 1980s, health services were reshaped with neoliberal policies, and radical changes were experienced in the presentation and financing of health services left to the private sector with the withdrawal of the state in this area. The aim of this study is to reveal whether there is a causal relationship between globalization and health expenditures in BRICS-T countries, known as emerging economies, by using macroeconomic variables by panel data analysis method. Study; It consists of 19 years of data covering the period 2000-2018. The variables used in my work; Trade Openness, KOF Globalization Index, Per Capita Health Expenditures, Share of Total Health Expenditures in GDP, Share of Government Health Expenditures in GDP and Share of Private Health Expenditures in GDP. According to the panel causality test results, bidirectional from TA to SHY, unidirectional from SHY to TA, bidirectional from KOF to SHY, bidirectional from TA to KBG, KBG to TA unidirectional, KBG to KOF bidirectional, KOF to KBG unidirectional, TA to DSH bidirectional and unidirectional, DSH to TA unidirectional one-way from KOF to DSH, two-way from TA to OSH, one-way from OSH to TA, one-way from KBG to OSH, one-way from OSH to KBG, A unidirectional Granger causality relationship was found from BPG to DSH, and unidirectional from DSH to KBG.